SSH提交簽名指南

未簽署的提交可以由任何人建立。簽署證明：

為什麼要簽署提交？

• 身分 — 提交由金鑰持有者建立。
• 完整性 — 簽署後提交未被修改。
• 信任 — 平台顯示「已驗證」徽章。

先決條件

• Git 2.34+ (git --version)
• SSH (Ed25519)
• GitHub / GitLab

步驟1：產生簽名金鑰

# Generate an Ed25519 key for signing
ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -C "your@email.com" -f ~/.ssh/id_signing

# Verify the key was created
ls -la ~/.ssh/id_signing*

步驟2：設定Git

# Set the signing format to SSH
git config --global gpg.format ssh

# Point to your signing key
git config --global user.signingkey ~/.ssh/id_signing.pub

# Enable automatic commit signing
git config --global commit.gpgsign true

# Enable automatic tag signing
git config --global tag.gpgsign true

[gpg]
    format = ssh
[user]
    signingkey = ~/.ssh/id_signing.pub
[commit]
    gpgsign = true
[tag]
    gpgsign = true

步驟3：設定允許的簽署者

# Create the allowed signers file
mkdir -p ~/.config/git
echo "your@email.com $(cat ~/.ssh/id_signing.pub)" > ~/.config/git/allowed_signers

# Tell Git where to find it
git config --global gpg.ssh.allowedSignersFile ~/.config/git/allowed_signers

步驟4：簽署和驗證

# Commits are now signed automatically
git commit -m "feat: add new feature"

# Or sign a single commit explicitly
git commit -S -m "feat: signed commit"

# Sign a tag
git tag -s v1.0.0 -m "Release v1.0.0"

# Verify the last commit
git log --show-signature -1

# Verify a tag
git tag -v v1.0.0

步驟5：在GitHub / GitLab上註冊

GitHub

1. Settings → SSH and GPG keys → New SSH key
2. Key type: Signing Key
3. ~/.ssh/id_signing.pub

GitLab

1. Preferences → SSH Keys
2. Usage type: Signing
3. ~/.ssh/id_signing.pub

Chezmoi整合

# Add your Git config
chezmoi add ~/.gitconfig

# Add your allowed signers file
chezmoi add ~/.config/git/allowed_signers

# Add your signing key (encrypt it!)
chezmoi add --encrypt ~/.ssh/id_signing

[gpg]
    format = ssh
[user]
    signingkey = {{ .chezmoi.homeDir }}/.ssh/id_signing.pub
[gpg "ssh"]
    allowedSignersFile = {{ .chezmoi.homeDir }}/.config/git/allowed_signers
[commit]
    gpgsign = true
[tag]
    gpgsign = true

疑難排解

Problem	Solution
error: unsupported value: ssh	Git 2.34+
error: Load key: No such file	user.signingkey
No principal matched	allowed_signers
SSH agent prompt	ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_signing

平台說明

Feature	macOS	Linux	WSL
Git 2.34+	✅	✅	✅
ssh-agent	✅ Keychain	✅ systemd	✅
1Password SSH agent	✅	✅	⚠️
Chezmoi	✅	✅	✅

相關

• 機密管理最佳實務
• GPG設定指南
• 安全別名
• Git別名